Every number on this page is arithmetic you can check: Torchline budgets 850 XP per character at level 8 for a standard fight, scales it by party size, then by the difficulty band. Below each table are the SRD 5.1 creatures that actually land in that budget.
Budgets by party size and difficulty
Difficulty
Party of 3
Party of 4
Party of 5
Party of 6
Skirmish — resources barely dented
1,403
1,870
2,338
2,805
Standard — a real fight, rarely lethal
2,550
3,400
4,250
5,100
Hard — someone will probably go down
4,080
5,440
6,800
8,160
Brutal — a character can die here
6,120
8,160
10,200
12,240
These are effective-XP budgets: a group of monsters is multiplied up before it is compared against them, so a budget of 3,400 does not mean 3,400 XP of monsters.
What actually fits, for a party of four
The crowd multiplier is the part that catches people out. Two creatures count for 1.5× their XP, three to six count double, seven to ten count 2.5×, eleven or more count triple. So the XP you can spend per creature falls fast as the group grows.
Skirmish — budget 1,870
A lone threat — about 1,870 XP each (×1 crowd multiplier)
Creature
Type
Size
CR
AC
HP
XP
Air Elemental
Elemental
Large
5
15
90
1,800
Barbed Devil
Fiend
Medium
5
15
110
1,800
Bulette
Monstrosity
Large
5
17
94
1,800
Earth Elemental
Elemental
Large
5
17
126
1,800
Fire Elemental
Elemental
Large
5
13
102
1,800
A pair — about 623 XP each (×1.5 crowd multiplier)
Creature
Type
Size
CR
AC
HP
XP
Basilisk
Monstrosity
Medium
3
12
52
700
Bearded Devil
Fiend
Medium
3
13
52
700
Blue Dragon Wyrmling
Dragon
Medium
3
17
52
700
Doppelganger
Monstrosity
Medium
3
14
52
700
Giant Scorpion
Beast
Large
3
15
52
700
A group of four — about 234 XP each (×2 crowd multiplier)
Creature
Type
Size
CR
AC
HP
XP
Animated Armor
Construct
Medium
1
18
33
200
Brass Dragon Wyrmling
Dragon
Medium
1
16
16
200
Brown Bear
Beast
Large
1
11
34
200
Bugbear
Humanoid
Medium
1
16
27
200
Copper Dragon Wyrmling
Dragon
Medium
1
16
22
200
A swarm of eight — about 94 XP each (×2.5 crowd multiplier)